A distinct metal fingerprint in arc volcanic emissions

A reassessment of current volcanic emissions from the Central American arc with specific examples from Nicaragua

The Central American volcanic arc supplies a significant proportion of the persistent annual global sulphur dioxide emissions from volcanoes. In November/December 2003, we completed a survey of the arc section from Mombacho to San Cristóbal in Nicaragua recording individual mean fluxes of 800, 530 and 220 Mg day 1 in the plumes from San Cristóbal, Telica and Masaya, respectively. An assessment ...

Indonesian volcanic emissions

Atmospheric transport and deposition of Indonesian volcanic emissions M. A. Pfeffer, B. Langmann, and H.-F. Graf Department of the Atmosphere in the Earth System, Max-Planck-Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Received: 6 September 2005 – Accepted: 8 October 2005 – Published: 21 November 2005 Correspondence to: M. A. Pfeffe...

A distinct source and differentiation history for Kolumbo submarine volcano, Santorini volcanic field, Aegean arc

This study reports the first detailed geochemical characterization of Kolumbo submarine volcano in order to investigate the role of source heterogeneity in controlling geochemical variability within the Santorini volcanic field in the central Aegean arc. Kolumbo, situated 15 km to the northeast of Santorini, last erupted in 1650 AD and is thus closely associated with the Santorini volcanic syst...

Respiratory effects of volcanic emissions.

Metal Transfer and Arc Plasma in Gas Metal Arc Welding

This article analyzes the transient complex heat transfer and fluid flow in molten metal and arc plasma during the gas metal arc welding process. The model predicts the formation, growth, detachment, and transfer of droplets from the tip of a continuously fed electrode under the influences of several competing forces including gravity, electromagnetic force, arc pressure, plasma shear stress, a...